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CVE-2026-40342

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CVE-2026-40342

Published: Apr 17, 2026

Modified: Apr 22, 2026

PUBLISHED

CVSS v3.1

10.0

CRITICAL

Description

Firebird is an open-source relational database management system. In versions prior to 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14, the external engine plugin loader concatenates a user-supplied engine name into a filesystem path without filtering path separators or .. components. An authenticated user with CREATE FUNCTION privileges can use a crafted ENGINE name to load an arbitrary shared library from anywhere on the filesystem via path traversal. The library's initialization code executes immediately during loading, before Firebird validates the module, achieving code execution as the server's OS account. This issue has been fixed in versions 5.0.4, 4.0.7 and 3.0.14.

VendorProductVersions

FirebirdSQL

firebird

affected
< 3.0.14
affected
>= 4.0.0, < 4.0.7
affected
>= 5.0.0, < 5.0.4

Weaknesses (CWE)

CWE-22
CWE-427
CWE-73
CWE-94

CVSS v3.1 Details

CVSS v3.1 Vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

References

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